1. Fred has brushed his teeth. 2. I have downloaded lots of new songs. 3. We have made preparations for the journey

Present Perfect Tense.
Разъяснение: Present Perfect Tense is used to express actions or events that happened in the past but have a connection to the present. It is formed by using the auxiliary verb "have" or "has" followed by the past participle of the main verb. In Russian, it can be translated as "настоящее совершенное время".

1. Fred прочистил зубы.
Explanation: Fred has completed the action of brushing his teeth in the past, but the result (clean teeth) is still visible in the present. This implies that the action has a connection to the present.

2. Я загрузил много новых песен.
Explanation: The action of downloading lots of new songs has been completed in the past, but the result (having new songs) is still relevant in the present.

3. Мы подготовились к путешествию.
Explanation: The action of making preparations for the journey has been finished in the past, but the preparations are still relevant and connected to the present, indicating that they are now ready for the journey.

Совет: To better understand and use the Present Perfect Tense, pay attention to the connection between the past action/event and the present. Focus on the result or current state that is influenced by the past action/event.

Дополнительное задание: Transform the following sentences into the Present Perfect Tense:
1. She (visit) a new museum.
2. They (learn) Spanish.
3. I (read) three books this month.